Products related to Partisanship:
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The Power of Partisanship
In The Power of Partisanship, Joshua J. Dyck and Shanna Pearson-Merkowitz argue that the growth in partisan polarization in the United States, and the resulting negativity voters feel towards their respective opposition party, has far-reaching effects on how Americans behave both inside and outside the realm of politics.In fact, no area of social life in the United States is safe from partisan influence.As a result of changes in the media landscape and decades of political polarization, voters are stronger partisans than in the past and are more likely to view the opposition party with a combination of confusion, disdain, and outright hostility.Yet, little of this hostility is grounded in specific policy preferences.Even ideology lacks meaning in the United States: conservative and liberal are what Republicans and Democrats have labeled "conservative" and "liberal."Dyck and Pearson-Merkowitz show how partisanship influences the electorate's support for democratic norms, willingness to engage in risk related to financial and healthcare decisions, interracial interactions, and previously non-political decisions like what we like to eat for dinner.Partisanship prevents people from learning from their interactions with friends or the realities of their neighborhoods, and even makes them oblivious to their own economic hardship.The intensity and pervasiveness of partisanship in politics today has resulted in "political knowledge" becoming an endogenous feature of strong partisanship and a poor proxy for anything but partisan behavior.Dyck and Pearson-Merkowitz present evidence that pure independents are, in fact, very responsive to information because they are not biased by partisan elite cues and important and relevant political information is often local, contextual, and personal.Drawing on a series of original surveys and experiments conducted between 2014 and 2020, Dyck and Pearson-Merkowitz show how the dominance of partisanship as a decision cue has fundamentally transformed our understanding of both political and non-political behavior.
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IMF Lending : Partisanship, Punishment, and Protest
This Element argues that governments allocate adjustment burdens strategically to protect their supporters, imposing adjustment costs upon the supporters of their opponents, who then protest in response.Using large-N micro-level survey data from three world regions and a global survey, it discusses the local political economy of International Monetary Fund (IMF) lending.It finds that opposition supporters in countries under IMF structural adjustment programs (SAP) are more likely to report that the IMF SAP increased economic hardships than government supporters and countries without IMF exposure.In addition, it finds that partisan gaps in IMF SAP evaluations widen in IMF program countries with an above-median number of conditions, suggesting that opposition supporters face heavier adjustment burdens, and that opposition supporters who think SAPs made their lives worse are more likely to protest.This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.
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Polarization and International Politics : How Extreme Partisanship Threatens Global Stability
How extreme polarization undermines the advantages that democracies have when formulating foreign policyPolarization is a defining feature of politics in the United States and many other democracies.Yet although there is much research focusing on the effects of polarization on domestic politics, little is known about how polarization influences international cooperation and conflict.Democracies are thought to have advantages over nondemocratic nations in international relations, including the ability to keep foreign policy stable across time, credibly signal information to adversaries, and maintain commitments to allies.Does domestic polarization affect these “democratic advantages”?In this timely book, Rachel Myrick argues that polarization reshapes the nature of constraints on democratic leaders, which in turn erodes the advantages democracies have in foreign affairs. Drawing on a range of evidence, including cross-national analyses, observational and experimental public opinion research, descriptive data on the behavior of politicians, and interviews with policymakers, Myrick develops metrics that explain the effect of extreme polarization on international politics and traces the pathways by which polarization undermines each of the democratic advantages.Turning to the case of contemporary US foreign policy, Myrick shows that as its political leaders become less responsive to the public and less accountable to political opposition, the United States loses both reliability as an ally and credibility as an adversary.Myrick’s account links the effects of polarization on democratic governance to theories of international relations, integrating work across the fields of international relations, comparative politics, and American politics to explore how patterns of domestic polarization shape the international system.
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Nutrition and Supplements in Cycling
Nutrition and Supplements in Cycling provides a blueprint for all the key nutritional aspects a cyclist should consider from health to macro- and micro-nutrients, and the finer details, such as sports supplements to improve competitive performance.As a result, cyclists and coaches can use this book as a handbook to help with supporting their own (or their athletes') health and performance through evidence-based nutrition. The nutritional demands of cycling are as diverse as the number of disciplines in the sport.To address this issue, this book covers the nutritional strategies for short- and long-distance disciplines and considers the implications of training and racing in a variety of environmental conditions.The book is divided into two distinct parts that are structured around the nutrition demands and practices of cyclists and an evaluation of novel and existing supplements that are currently being used or considered by riders. This book represents a go-to resource for cyclists, performance nutritionists, coaches, and students looking for the most effective and up-to-date evidence-based nutritional strategies for enhancing cycling performance.It brings together a team of emerging and world-leading academics, along with practitioners and riders from the UCI World and Pro Tours, to provide insightful evaluations of the latest science and to translate that knowledge into practical recommendations.Finally, it presents a model of reflective practice designed to enhance the performance nutrition practitioner’s development and practices. This book is key reading for active cyclists, cycling coaches, and athletes, as well as researchers and students of sport and exercise science, nutrition, human performance, and exercise physiology.
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Where can one buy sports nutrition supplements online?
Sports nutrition supplements can be purchased online from various retailers such as Amazon, GNC, Bodybuilding.com, and The Vitamin Shoppe. These websites offer a wide range of sports nutrition supplements including protein powders, pre-workout drinks, and recovery supplements. Additionally, many sports nutrition brands have their own online stores where customers can purchase their products directly. It is important to research and compare prices, reviews, and shipping options before making a purchase.
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What is a rehabilitation program after a tendon injury in horses?
A rehabilitation program after a tendon injury in horses is a structured plan designed to help the horse recover from the injury and regain strength and function in the affected tendon. The program typically includes a combination of controlled exercise, physical therapy, and monitoring of the horse's progress. The goal is to gradually increase the horse's activity level while minimizing the risk of re-injury. The program may also involve the use of supportive equipment such as bandages or boots to provide additional support to the injured tendon. Overall, the rehabilitation program aims to facilitate the healing process and help the horse return to full function.
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Can one build such a body with normal nutrition without supplements?
Yes, it is possible to build a strong and muscular body with normal nutrition without the need for supplements. A balanced diet that includes a variety of whole foods such as lean proteins, complex carbohydrates, healthy fats, and plenty of fruits and vegetables can provide all the necessary nutrients for muscle growth and recovery. Additionally, proper hydration and adequate rest are also important factors in building a strong and healthy body without the need for supplements. However, individual needs may vary, and some people may benefit from specific supplements based on their dietary restrictions or fitness goals.
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How can one improve the nutrition of cats with dietary supplements?
One can improve the nutrition of cats with dietary supplements by first consulting with a veterinarian to determine the specific nutritional needs of the cat. Once the specific needs are identified, the veterinarian can recommend appropriate dietary supplements such as omega-3 fatty acids, probiotics, or vitamins and minerals. It's important to choose high-quality supplements that are specifically formulated for cats and to follow the recommended dosage. Additionally, providing a balanced and nutritious diet alongside the supplements is crucial for overall feline health.
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Beyond the Water’s Edge : How Partisanship Corrupts U.S. Foreign Policy
Intense partisanship is a familiar part of the contemporary United States, but its consequences do not stop at the country’s borders.The damage now extends to U.S. relations with the rest of the world. Too often, political leaders place their own party’s interest in gaining and keeping power ahead of the national interest. Paul R. Pillar examines how and why partisanship has undermined U.S. foreign policy, especially over the past three decades.Placing present-day discord in historical perspective going back to the beginning of the republic, Beyond the Water’s Edge shows that although the corrupting effects of partisan divisions are not new, past leaders were often able to overcome them.Recent social and political trends and developments including the end of the Cold War, however, have contributed to a surge of corrosive partisanship.Pillar demonstrates that its costs range from the prolongation of war and crisis to the intrusion of foreign influence and the undermining of democracy.He explores the ways other governments respond to inconsistency in U.S. foreign policy, the consequences of domestic division for U.S. global leadership, and how the corruption of American democracy also weakens democracy worldwide.Pillar considers possible remedies but draws the sobering conclusion that entrenched political sectarianism makes their adoption unlikely.Offering insightful analysis of the decline of U.S. foreign relations, Beyond the Water’s Edge is an important book for all readers concerned about the state of the American political system.
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The Politics of the Cross : A Christian Alternative to Partisanship
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Democratic Partisanship : Party Activism in an Age of Democratic Crises
Explores how democratic norms resonate with party activists, and with what implications for representative governmentCombines normative theories of democratic partisanship and the empirical study of political partiesContributes a novel theoretical framework for the empirical analysis of democratic partisanshipShowcases an innovative and replicable methodology for focus group discussion and analysisDraws on extensive original research conducted in France and Hungary with 117 political party membersStudies x number of political parties including the conservative Fidesz party and socialist MSzP in Hungary and Parti Socialiste (PS) and Union pour un Mouvement populaire (UMP) in FranceIncludes rare testimonies from within Fidesz, Hungary's governing radical right party since 2010Includes 30 graphic visualisations of key differences in the outlooks of participantsPolitical parties are caught in the crossfire of contemporary criticism.Some are accused of being excessively technocratic and removed from citizens' concerns, while others are attacked for their populist discourse and for pandering to the base instincts of constituents.But what ideal of partisanship do we have in mind when we blame parties for the ills of democracy? And how do real-world parties actually compare to this normative ideal?Democratic Partisanship bridges political theory and empirical study to answer these questions.It explores and compares how key democratic norms hailed by political theorists, such as good justification and respect for opponents, resonate with right-wing and left-wing party members in Hungary and France. Focusing on the partisan's perspective, the book explores how and why some party organisations reconcile the most contradictory democratic imperatives while others fail to uphold basic principles.Far from writing-off parties as intrinsically suspect, Democratic Partisanship makes an incisive case for a new partisan ethic in an age of democratic crises.
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Commander in Chief : Partisanship, Nationalism, and the Reconstruction of Congressional War
The constitutional balance of war powers has shifted from Congress to the president over time.Today, presidents broadly define their constitutional authority as commander in chief.In the nineteenth century, however, Congress was the institution that claimed and defended expansive war powers authority.This discrepancy raises important questions: How, specifically, did Congress define the boundaries between presidential and congressional war powers in the early republic?Did that definition change, and if so, when, how, and why did it do so?Based on an original, comprehensive dataset of every congressional reference to the commander-in-chief clause from the Founding through 1917, Casey Dominguez’s Commander in Chief systematically analyzes the authority that members of Congress ascribe to the president as commander in chief and the boundaries they put around that authority.Dominguez shows that for more than a century members of Congress defined the commander in chief’s authority narrowly, similar to that of any high-ranking military officer.But in a wave of nationalism during the Spanish-American War, members of Congress began to argue that Congress owed deference to the commander in chief.They also tended to argue that a president of their own party should have broad war powers, while the powers of a president in the other party should be defined narrowly.Together, these two dynamics suggest that the conditions for presidentially dominated modern constitutional war powers were set at the turn of the twentieth century, far earlier than is often acknowledged.
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What equipment is needed for a small live performance?
For a small live performance, you will need basic equipment such as a sound system with speakers, microphones, and a mixer. You may also need instruments such as guitars, keyboards, or drums, depending on the type of performance. Additionally, you may need stage lighting and a stage backdrop to enhance the visual aspect of the performance. It's important to ensure that all equipment is set up and tested before the performance to ensure everything runs smoothly.
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Can someone who is a beginner in fitness please help me with nutrition, including supplements, etc.?
Yes, as a beginner in fitness, it's important to focus on a balanced and nutritious diet that includes a variety of fruits, vegetables, lean proteins, whole grains, and healthy fats. It's also important to stay hydrated by drinking plenty of water throughout the day. As for supplements, it's best to consult with a healthcare professional or a registered dietitian to determine if you have any specific nutrient deficiencies that may require supplementation. In general, it's best to get nutrients from whole foods whenever possible, but some people may benefit from certain supplements such as vitamin D or omega-3 fatty acids.
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Is Biotech USA a good online shop in the field of sports, sports nutrition, and supplements?
Biotech USA is a reputable online shop in the field of sports, sports nutrition, and supplements. They offer a wide range of high-quality products designed to support athletic performance, muscle growth, and overall health. Their products are known for being effective and safe, and they have a strong reputation in the industry. Additionally, Biotech USA provides comprehensive information about their products and offers excellent customer service, making them a reliable choice for those looking to purchase sports nutrition and supplements online.
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What is autotrophic nutrition and heterotrophic nutrition?
Autotrophic nutrition is a type of nutrition in which organisms can produce their own food using inorganic substances like carbon dioxide and water, typically through the process of photosynthesis. This is commonly seen in plants, algae, and some bacteria. On the other hand, heterotrophic nutrition is when organisms cannot produce their own food and must obtain organic compounds from other organisms. This can be done through consuming other organisms or their byproducts, and is the most common type of nutrition among animals and fungi.
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